One of the messages constantly broadcast on woodworkers' sites is that you should not expect your thickness sander to function as a planer. I cannot imagine putting 36 grit sandpaper into my Delta thickness sander...the coarsest I go is about 120 grit.
The problem is that you're trying to remove too much stock in one pass and the clips on the drum cannot hold the paper in place. Forget contact cement and such. Just slow down!
I use a 15" Jet planer with a Shelix cutter head to mill stock to near-final thickness. If it's a top or back that will be edge glued, I leave 1/16" extra thickness. After gluing, I remove any excess glue using a scraper.
I then make multiple passes (twenty might be about right) through the drum sander, making sure the glue doesn't clog the paper. I run the feed fast (the wood should not feel warm when it exits the drum) while removing very little material on each pass. Between height adjustments, each side of the piece goes through twice to assure equal thickness. When the material is near final thickness, I slow the feed rate down while raising the table height only very slightly. At this point, I'm usually taking four passes through the sander on each side between height adjustments.
A rubber sandpaper cleaning stick will help make your sandpaper strips last much longer, by the way.
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